Early Detection of Breast Cancer - This term refers to a series of tests and examinations used to find breast cancer. The purpose of screening is to detection breast cancer as early as possible before they begin to cause symptoms. The earlier breast cancer is found, the greater the chances of treatment success.
Follow the following guidelines for early detection of breast cancer in women:
Mammography: Women aged 40 and older should undergo mammography every year and should continue doing so for their good health.
Clinical Breast Test (UPK): Women aged 20 to 30 years should undergo clinical breast testing (DMU) as part of regular general check-ups by health experts, at least once every 3 years. After the age of 40 years, CBE is recommended every year. Should be done shortly before mammography done.
UPK is a complement to mammography and an opportunity to discuss with their doctors about changes in their breasts, early detection tests, and other factors in the history of women that might increase the risk of breast cancer.
Breast Self Examination (BSE): BSE is highly recommended for women, from the age of 20. See a doctor immediately if you see these changes in the breast: a lump / swelling, skin irritation, nipple pain or nipple melesek into, nipple or breast skin redness or scaly, or secretion of fluid / blood (not milk) of breast.
Women at high risk (more than 20% lifetime risk) should get an MRI examination and mammography every year. Women with moderate risk (15-20% lifetime risk) should discuss with their doctors about an additional MRI examination on their annual mammogram. Annual MRI examinations are not recommended for women with cancer risk of less than 15%.
Women at high risk are those who:
* Known to have BRCA1 or BRCA2 gene mutation
* Have a close relative (parent, brother, sister or child) with BRCA1 or BRCA2 gene mutations, but have not done genetic testing themselves
* Have undergone radiation therapy to the chest when they were aged between 10-30 years
* Li-Fraumeni syndrome, Cowden syndrome, or syndrome Bannayan-Riley-Ruvalcaba, or have a first-degree relatives with one of the above syndrome
Women with moderate risk include those who:
* Have a personal history of breast cancer, ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS), lobular carcinoma in situ (LCIS), atypical ductal hyperplasia (ADH) or atypical lobular hyperplasia (ALH)
* Has a very dense breasts or unevenly dense breasts when viewed by mammograms
Mammography
A mammogram is a breast examination by X-ray. In mammography, the breast is pressed between 2 plates to flatten and spread the network. This procedure may be less comfortable moment. Breast is compressed and then pressed for a few seconds. The whole procedure to mammography process takes about 20 minutes. The result is black and white images on film that will be read and interpreted by a radiologist.
What doctors note from the results of mammography:
* Calcification of small mineral buildup in the breast tissue, which look like small white spots on the film. They may or may not be caused by cancer. There are 2 types of calcifications:
- Makrokalsifikasi: calcium deposits are coarse (larger), most likely due to the aging of the breast arteries, old injuries, or inflammation. Deposits are associated with non-cancerous conditions and do not require biopsy. Found in about half of women over 50, and about 1 in 10 women under 50.
- Mikrokalsifikasi are tiny specks of calcium in the breast. They may appear alone or in groups. Microcalcifications seen on mammography becomes more attention, but it still usually does not mean that cancer is present. The form and layout of microcalcifications help the radiologist detect possible presence of cancer. If calcification look suspicious, the patient is usually recommended for biopsy.
* Mass / meat, which may occur with or without calcification, is an important change seen on mammography. The masses can be many things, including cysts and solid non-cancerous tumors (such as fibroadenomas), but they also could be cancer. The mass of cysts that are not normally need to be biopsied. The size, shape, mass and borders help the radiologist to determine whether cancer is present.
It is important to give the results of mammography in the previous year to your radiologist. This can help to show that the mass or calcification has not changed over the years. This helps to justify whether or not to do a biopsy.
Limitations of Mammography
A mammogram can not prove that an abnormal area is cancer. To confirm whether cancer is present, a small amount of tissue to be taken and examined under a microscope. This procedure is called a biopsy.
Mammography also does not work well in young women, usually because of dense breasts so that they can hide the tumor. It may also be true for pregnant and lactating women.
Clinical Breast Test (UPK)
In this examination, a doctor / nurse professionals will see your breast to identify any abnormality in size or shape, or skin or nipple changes. Then, using the bearing radius, inspection / palpation in detail on your breast. Special attention will be given to the shape and texture of the breast, any lumps, and whether the lump is attached to the skin or deeper tissues. Area under both arms will also be examined.
Breast Self Examination (BSE)
In normal women, women older than age 20 highly recommended to do breast self-exam every three months. Here are the steps in performing breast self-exam:
Step 1: Start by looking at your breasts in the mirror with your shoulders straight and your hands at waist.
You should see:
* Breast, the size, shape, and color that you used to know.
* Denganbentuk perfect breasts without changing the shape and swelling.
If you see the following changes, you immediately see a doctor to consult:
* Skin wrinkle, crease occurs, there is a bulge.
* Changed the position of the nipple usually as attracted to the inside.
* Redness, pain, rashes, or swelling.
Step 2: Now, raise your hand and observe if there are changes that have been referred to in the first step.
Step 3: When you mirror, you look at whether there is discharge from both nipples (either a clear liquid, like milk, yellow, or mixed blood).
Step 4: Next, feel your breasts by way of lying. Use massage gently but firmly (but not hard) with three tip your (index, middle, and sweet). Keep your finger tip position flat against the surface of the breast. Use a circular motion, massage your entire breast from top to bottom, left and right, from shoulder bone to the top of the stomach and from armpit to parts of the breast. You can also create up and down motion. Use a light massage to skin and tissue just under the skin, massage is to the center of the breast, and a strong massage to the inner network. When you reach the inside network, you should be able to feel your ribs.
Follow the following guidelines for early detection of breast cancer in women:
Mammography: Women aged 40 and older should undergo mammography every year and should continue doing so for their good health.
Clinical Breast Test (UPK): Women aged 20 to 30 years should undergo clinical breast testing (DMU) as part of regular general check-ups by health experts, at least once every 3 years. After the age of 40 years, CBE is recommended every year. Should be done shortly before mammography done.
UPK is a complement to mammography and an opportunity to discuss with their doctors about changes in their breasts, early detection tests, and other factors in the history of women that might increase the risk of breast cancer.
Breast Self Examination (BSE): BSE is highly recommended for women, from the age of 20. See a doctor immediately if you see these changes in the breast: a lump / swelling, skin irritation, nipple pain or nipple melesek into, nipple or breast skin redness or scaly, or secretion of fluid / blood (not milk) of breast.
Women at high risk (more than 20% lifetime risk) should get an MRI examination and mammography every year. Women with moderate risk (15-20% lifetime risk) should discuss with their doctors about an additional MRI examination on their annual mammogram. Annual MRI examinations are not recommended for women with cancer risk of less than 15%.
Women at high risk are those who:
* Known to have BRCA1 or BRCA2 gene mutation
* Have a close relative (parent, brother, sister or child) with BRCA1 or BRCA2 gene mutations, but have not done genetic testing themselves
* Have undergone radiation therapy to the chest when they were aged between 10-30 years
* Li-Fraumeni syndrome, Cowden syndrome, or syndrome Bannayan-Riley-Ruvalcaba, or have a first-degree relatives with one of the above syndrome
Women with moderate risk include those who:
* Have a personal history of breast cancer, ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS), lobular carcinoma in situ (LCIS), atypical ductal hyperplasia (ADH) or atypical lobular hyperplasia (ALH)
* Has a very dense breasts or unevenly dense breasts when viewed by mammograms
Mammography
A mammogram is a breast examination by X-ray. In mammography, the breast is pressed between 2 plates to flatten and spread the network. This procedure may be less comfortable moment. Breast is compressed and then pressed for a few seconds. The whole procedure to mammography process takes about 20 minutes. The result is black and white images on film that will be read and interpreted by a radiologist.
What doctors note from the results of mammography:
* Calcification of small mineral buildup in the breast tissue, which look like small white spots on the film. They may or may not be caused by cancer. There are 2 types of calcifications:
- Makrokalsifikasi: calcium deposits are coarse (larger), most likely due to the aging of the breast arteries, old injuries, or inflammation. Deposits are associated with non-cancerous conditions and do not require biopsy. Found in about half of women over 50, and about 1 in 10 women under 50.
- Mikrokalsifikasi are tiny specks of calcium in the breast. They may appear alone or in groups. Microcalcifications seen on mammography becomes more attention, but it still usually does not mean that cancer is present. The form and layout of microcalcifications help the radiologist detect possible presence of cancer. If calcification look suspicious, the patient is usually recommended for biopsy.
* Mass / meat, which may occur with or without calcification, is an important change seen on mammography. The masses can be many things, including cysts and solid non-cancerous tumors (such as fibroadenomas), but they also could be cancer. The mass of cysts that are not normally need to be biopsied. The size, shape, mass and borders help the radiologist to determine whether cancer is present.
It is important to give the results of mammography in the previous year to your radiologist. This can help to show that the mass or calcification has not changed over the years. This helps to justify whether or not to do a biopsy.
Limitations of Mammography
A mammogram can not prove that an abnormal area is cancer. To confirm whether cancer is present, a small amount of tissue to be taken and examined under a microscope. This procedure is called a biopsy.
Mammography also does not work well in young women, usually because of dense breasts so that they can hide the tumor. It may also be true for pregnant and lactating women.
Clinical Breast Test (UPK)
In this examination, a doctor / nurse professionals will see your breast to identify any abnormality in size or shape, or skin or nipple changes. Then, using the bearing radius, inspection / palpation in detail on your breast. Special attention will be given to the shape and texture of the breast, any lumps, and whether the lump is attached to the skin or deeper tissues. Area under both arms will also be examined.
Breast Self Examination (BSE)
In normal women, women older than age 20 highly recommended to do breast self-exam every three months. Here are the steps in performing breast self-exam:
Step 1: Start by looking at your breasts in the mirror with your shoulders straight and your hands at waist.
You should see:
* Breast, the size, shape, and color that you used to know.
* Denganbentuk perfect breasts without changing the shape and swelling.
If you see the following changes, you immediately see a doctor to consult:
* Skin wrinkle, crease occurs, there is a bulge.
* Changed the position of the nipple usually as attracted to the inside.
* Redness, pain, rashes, or swelling.
Step 2: Now, raise your hand and observe if there are changes that have been referred to in the first step.
Step 3: When you mirror, you look at whether there is discharge from both nipples (either a clear liquid, like milk, yellow, or mixed blood).
Step 4: Next, feel your breasts by way of lying. Use massage gently but firmly (but not hard) with three tip your (index, middle, and sweet). Keep your finger tip position flat against the surface of the breast. Use a circular motion, massage your entire breast from top to bottom, left and right, from shoulder bone to the top of the stomach and from armpit to parts of the breast. You can also create up and down motion. Use a light massage to skin and tissue just under the skin, massage is to the center of the breast, and a strong massage to the inner network. When you reach the inside network, you should be able to feel your ribs.
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